Assessment Center for selection of university student
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study were preformed for verifying the applicability of Assessment Center(AC) for selection of university student. First, the results of decision study of generalizability theory(D study) has shown acceptable reliabilities. So, we could think that this AC was designed properly. Second, the enrolled students of the university have said that the competencies rated in this AC were important for performing study and adapting to school. And participants in this AC reported they have felt fairness and they could have done their best. It means that this AC had validity. Third, generalizability study(G study) has shown dimension effect(21.1%) was higher than rator effect(10.2%). And, in the MTMM analysis, it were found both dimension effect and exercise effect. Forth, in relation analysis between AC ratings and the various records of participants, ‘Self-led Study’ related with ‘Records of Language’ positively, ‘Discussion Skill’ related with ‘Public Anxiety’ negatively, ‘Challenge’ related with ‘Extraversion, Self Efficacy, and Record of Award off campus’ positively and with ‘Anxiety to unfamiliar’ negatively, ‘Creativity’ related with ‘Extraversion’ positively, ‘Adapting to Change’ related with ‘Emotional Stability’ positively, and ‘Interpersonal Competencies’ related with ‘Performance Anxiety and Public Anxiety’ negatively. In short, this AC has shown applicability as selection tool for university student. Finally, the implications and limitations were discussed.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
공혜원, 김효선 (2014). 감정조절전략이 조직시민행동에 미치는 차별적 효과: 직무소진의 매개효과를 중심으로. 조직과 인사관리, 38(3), 1~31.
권석만 (2008). 긍정 심리학: 행복의 과학적 탐구. 서울: 학지사
권석만 (2009). 서울대학교 리더십 향상 프로그램의 운영을 위한 성격 강점 검사의 개발. 연구결과보고서.
권혁기, 박봉규 (2011). 서비스 종사원 감정노동의 표면행위와 내면행위가 감정부조화 및 직무태도에 미치는 영향. 인적자원관리연구, 18(1), 311-325.
김광수 (2002). 용서 프로그램이 대인관계 상처경험자의 자존감, 불안, 분노에 미치는 영향. 청소년상담연구, 10(1), 165-191.
김광은, 윤유경, 권석만, 하승수 (2010). 긍정심리학적 관점에서 본 사관생도의 성격적 강점과 행복 및 생활적응과의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 22(1), 233- 248.
김문숙, 김예실, 이순묵 (2014). 정서노동과 직무관련 변수들 간 관계: 메타분석(Meta-Analysis). 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 27(4), 683-717.
김성숙 (2012). 예비유아교사가 인식한 스트레스 대처 방식 및 자아탄력성이 행복감에 미치는 영향. 열린유아교육연구, 17(3), 65- 83.
김영조, 한주희 (2008). 서비스 직원의 감정노동 수행과 직무소진의 관계에 관한 연구. 인사관리연구, 32(3), 95-128.
김원형, 신강현, 허창구, 이종현 (2007). 정서노동과 직무탈진: 자율성과 사회적 지지의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 12(4), 905-921.
김지영 (2011). 성격강점이 긍정적 정신건강에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 박사학위논문.
김지영 (2014). 대학생의 성격강점 및 덕성과 성격장애와의 관계. 청소년학연구, 21(11), 75-99.
김지영, 권석만 (2013). 성격강점의 인식과 활용이 정신건강에 미치는 효과. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 32(4), 783-802.
김현정，고영건 (2014). 성격강점 및 덕목 그리고 행복 간 관계에서 학교적응의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 학교, 11(1), 317- 334.
노지혜, 이민규 (2011). 나는 왜 감사해야 하는가?: 스트레스 상황에서 감사가 안녕감에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 30(1), 159-183.
노혜미, 유태용, 신강현 (2007). 정서지능과 정서노동 전략이 직무관련 태도에 미치는 영향: 개인적 성취감의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 20(4), 529-550.
박건우, 김명소, 한영석 (2014). 상사에 대한 정서노동의 예측변인 탐색 및 직무소진과의 관계모형 검증. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 27(1), 267-290.
박미진 (2007). 여성 노인의 스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 강점과 사회적 지지의 완충효과. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 12(2), 197- 211.
박선애, 이재창 (2014). 정서노동 전략이 직무탈진 및 직무열의에 미치는 영향: 긍정심리자본의 조절효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 27(4), 781-804.
박선영 (2013). 삶의 의미와 심리적 건강의 관계: 다차원적 삶의 의미 척도와 의미감 증진 프로그램 개발. 서울대학교 박사학위논문.
박지연, 손영화 (2014). 일과 생활의 조화와 상사-부하 관계가 조직몰입에 미치는 영향 - 직장에서의 행복을 매개변인으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 27(4), 781-804.
박춘신, 장재윤 (2012). 방문형 학습지 교사의 정서노동, 정서적 고갈, 이직의도 및 고객지향성 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 25(4), 775-799.
백승근, 신강현, 이종현, 허창구 (2014). 감정노동, 피할 수 없을 때 누가 즐길 수 있는가: 자기감시의 조절효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 27(4), 719- 745.
서현아, 김미옥 (2013). 유아교사의 성격 강점이 심리적 안녕감과 직무만족도에 미치는 영향. 유아교육학논집, 17(1), 435-453.
신강현, 이 랑, 허창구, 김재연 (2006). 정서노동 예측시 성격 5요인과 직무환경변수의 역할: 미국 호텔업 종사자를 대상으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 19(1), 105- 124.
신강현, 한영석, 김완석, 김원형 (2008). 정서노동과 직무탈진 및 직무열의 관계: 정서지능의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 21(3), 475-491.
유정희 (2010). 방송인의 감정노동과 직무스트레스가 심리적 안녕감과 소진에 미치는 영향. 심리행동연구, 2, 97-114.
이 랑, 김완석, 신강현 (2006). 직무탈진과 직무열의의 요구-자원 모델에서 정서노동전략의 역할: 콜센터 상담원을 대상으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 19(4), 573- 596.
이문희, 이영순 (2013). 성격 강점에 기반한 행복증진 프로그램이 고등학생의 주관적 안녕감, 탄력성 및 대인관계에 미치는 효과. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 25, 813-831.
이주일 (2008). 행복, 동정심 및 자긍심에 대한 정서노동 유발상황과 정적 정서노동의 심리적 효과. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 21(4), 769-797.
이현영, 김경원 (2010). VIA 분류체계에 근거한 규칙적 운동참여자의 지각된 성격 강점. 한국스포츠심리학회지, 21, 153-165.
이현희, 김은정, 이민규 (2003). 한국판 정적 정서 및 부적 정서 척도의 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 22, 935-946.
이형양, 이완정 (2012). 보육교사의 성격강점 상위 덕목이 생활 스트레스 및 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향. 한국가정관리학회 추계학술대회, 385.
임영진 (2010). 성격강점과 긍정심리치료가 행복에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.
임영진 (2012). 주요우울장애 대학생을 대상으로 한 긍정심리치료의 효과. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 31(3), 679-692.
장원섭 (2007). 맥락 중심의 평생 진로교육 제안. 진로교육연구, 20(2), 1-13.
정일진, 정재희, 김소영, 김윤나, 김대선 (2014). 청소년의 강점, 성격과 삶의 만족도의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 학교, 11(3), 563-583.
차정주, 이효림 (2015). 유아교사의 소진과 정서노동이 행복감에 미치는 영향. 열린유아교육연구, 20(2), 375-393.
한주원 (2005). 개인성격과 감정노동 스트레스가 직무만족에 미치는 영향. 비서학 논총, 14(1), 145-167.
한진환 (2012). 감정노동과 조직시민행동간 조직지원의 조절효과. 인적자원관리연구, 19(2), 83-101.
황재선, 신강현, 허창구, 김동근 (2010). 직무 요구와 자원이 정서노동에 미치는 영향: 스트레스 대처방식의 매개효과를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 23(3), 503-523.
황해익, 탁정화 (2015). 보육교사의 성격강점에 대한 교육 요구도 분석. 유아교육연구, 35(2), 411-438.
Abraham, R. (1998). Emotional dissonance in organizations: A conceptualization of consequences, mediators and moderators, Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 19(3), 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/01437739810210185
Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions, London: Sage.
Allport, G. W. (1955). Becoming. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1993). Emotional labor in service roles: The influence of identity. Academy of Management Review, 18(1), 88-115. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1993.3997508
Bono, J. E., & Vey, M. A. (2007). Personality and emotional performance: Extraversion, neuroticism, and self-monitoring. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(2), 177-192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.2.177
Bowen, D. E,. Schneider, B. (1988). Services Marketing And Management: Implications For Organizational Behavior, In Staw, B. M., & Cummings, L. L. (Eds). Research in Organizational Behavior, 10, Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Brotheridge, C. M., & Grandey, A. A. (2002). Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of “People Work”. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 60(1), 17-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1815
Brotheridge, C. M., & Lee, R. T. (2003). Development and validation of the emotional labor scale. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76(3), 365-379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1348/096317903769647229
Brown, S. W., Gummesson, E., Edvardsson, B., & Gustavsson, B. (1991). Service Quality: Multidisciplinary and multinational perspectives. New York: Lexington Books.
Chan, D. W. (2009). The hierarchy of strengths: Their relationships with subjective well-being among Chinese teachers in Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education, 25(6), 867-875. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.01.010
Côté, S. & Morgan, L. M. (2002). A longitudinal analysis of the association between emotion regulation, job satisfaction, and intentions to quit. Journal of Organizational Behavior. 23(8), 947-962. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.174
Cross, R. & Pruksak, L. (2002). The people that make organizations stop-or go. Harvard Business Review, 80(6), 104-112.
Daniels, K. (2000). Measures of five aspects of affective well-being at work. Human Relations, 53(2), 275-294. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/a010564
Dawis, R. T., & Lofquist, L. H. (1984). A Psychological Theory of Work Adjustment. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Diefendorff, J. M., Croyle, M. H., & Grosserand, R. H. (2005). The dimensionality and antecedents of emotional labor strategies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66(2), 339-357. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2004.02.001
Diener, E. (2001). Subjective well-being. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.
Diener, E., & Lucas, R. E. (1999). Personality and Subjective Well-Being, In Kahneman, D., Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Schwarz, N. (Eds). Well-being: Foundations of hedonic Psychology. (pp. 213-229), New York: The Rusself Sage Foundation.
Emmons, R. A. & McCullough M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigations of gratitude and subjective well-being in daily life, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(2), 377-389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.84.2.377
Fisher, C. D. (2010). Happiness at work. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(4), 384-412. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00270.x
Frazier, P. A., Tix, A. P., & Barron, K. E. (2004). Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(1), 115-134. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.115
Fromm, E. (1947). Man for himself. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Gabriel, A. S., Daniels, M. A., Diefendorff, J. M., & Greguras, G. J. (2015). Emotional labor actors: A latent profile analysis of emotional labor strategies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(3), 863-879. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037408
Gillham, J., Adams-Deutsch, Z., Werner, J., Reivich, K., Coulter-Heindl, V., Linkins, M., Winder, B., Peterson, C,. Park, N., Abenavoli, R., Contero, A., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Character strengths predict subjective well-being during adolescence. The journal of Positive Psychology, 6(1), 31-44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2010.536773
Grandey, A. A. (2000). Emotional regulation in the workplace: A new way to conceptualize emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 95-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.95
Grandey, A. A. (2003). When the show must go on: Surface acting and deep acting as determinants of emotional exhaustion and peer-rated service delivery. Academy of Management Journal, 46(1), 86-96.
Ghobadian, A., Speller, S., & Jones, M. (1994). Service Quality: concepts and models. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 11(9), 43-66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02656719410074297
Gross, J., & Levenson, R. (1997). Hiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106(1), 95-103. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.106.1.95
Güsewell A., Ruch W. (2012). Are emotional strengths emotional? Character strengths and disposition to positive emotions. Applied Psychology of Health and Well-Being, 4(2), 218-239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-0854.2012.01070.x
Hackman, J. R. & Oldham, G. R. (1975). Development of the Job Diagnostic Survey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(2), 159-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076546
Harzer C., & Ruch, W. (2012). When the job is a calling: the role of applying one’s signature strengths at work. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 7(5), 362-371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.702784
Harzer C., & Ruch, W. (2013). The application of signature character strengths and positive experiences at work. Journal of Happiness Study, 14(3), 965-983. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-012-9364-0
Harzer, C., & Ruch, W. (2015). The relationships of character strengths with coping, work- related stress, and job satisfaction. Frontiers in psychology, 6, 165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00165
Herzberg. F., Mausner, B. & Snyderman, B. (1959). The Motivation to Work. N.Y.: John Wiley & Sons.
Hochschild, A. (1979). Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure. The American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551-575. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/227049
Hochschild, A. (1983). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling, Berkeley: University of California Press.
Hülsheger, U. R., Schewe, A. F. (2011). On the costs and benefits of emotional labor: A meta-analysis of three decades of research. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(3), 361-389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022876
Humphrey, R. H., Ashforth, B. E. & Diefendorff, J. M. (2015). The bright side of emotional labor. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(6), 749-769. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2019
Johnson, H. M., & Spector, P. E. (2007). Service With a Smile: Do Emotional Intelligence, Gender, and Autonomy Moderate the Emotional Labor Process? Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(4), 319-333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.4.319
Judge, T. A., Woolf, E. F., & Hurst, C. (2009). Is emotional labor more difficult for some than for others? a multilevel experience- sampling study. Personnel Psychology, 62(1), 57-88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.01129.x
Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., Rubenstein, A. L., Long, D. M., Odio, M. A., Buckman, B. R., Zhang, Y., & Halvorsen-Ganepola, M. D. K. (2013). A Meta-Analytic Structural Model of Dispositonal Affectivity and Emotional Labor. Personnel Psychology, 66(1), 47-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12009
Kiffin-Petersen, S. A., Jordan, C. L., & Soutar, G. N. (2011). The big five, emotional exhaustion and citizenship behaviors in service settings: The mediating role of emotional labor. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(1), 43-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.08.018
Kruml, S. M., & Geddes, D. (2000). Exploring the dimensions of emotional labor: The heart of Hochschild's work. Management Communication Quarterly, 14(1), 8-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0893318900141002
Littman-Ovadia, H., & Steger, M. (2010). Character strengths and well-being among volunteers and employees: Toward an integrative model. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(6), 419-430. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2010.516765
Lewig, K. A., & Dollard, M. F. (2003). Emotional dissonance, emotional exhaustion, and jog satisfaction in call center jobers. European Journal of Job and Organizational Psychology, 12(4), 366-392. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320344000200
Lewis, B. R. (1989). Quality in the Service Sector: A Review, International Journal of Bank Marketing. 7(5), 4-12.
Maslow, A. H. (1968). Toward a psychology of being. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
McGrath, R. E. (2015). Character strengths in 75 nations: An update, The journal of Positive Psychology, 10(1), 41-52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2014.888580
Morris, J. A. & Feldman, D. C. (1997). Managing emotions in the workplace. Journal of Managerial Issues, 9(3), 257-274.
Mount, M. K., Barrick, M. R., Scullen, S. M., & Rounds, J. (2005). Higher‐order dimensions of the big five personality traits and the big six vocational interest types. Personnel Psychology, 58(2), 447-478. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00468.x
Muchinsky, P. M. (2012). Psychology Applied to Work: An Introduction to Industrial and Organizational Psychology (10ed.). Summerfield, NC: Hypergraphic Press.
Müller, L., & Ruch, W. (2011). Humor and strengths of character. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 6(5), 368-376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2011.592508
O’Sullivan, M., Guilford, J. P., & DeMille, R. (1965). The measurement of Social intelligence. Psychological Laboratory Report, 34.
Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Strengths of character and well-being. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23(5), 603-619. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.23.5.603.50748
Park, N., Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Character strengths in fifty-four nations and all 50 U. S. states. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(3), 118-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760600619567
Peterson, C., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004). Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification. New York: Oxford University Press / Washington. DC: American Psychological Association.
Peterson, C., Park, N., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2005). Assessment of character strengths, In Koocher, G. P., Norcross J. C., & Hill III, S. S., (Eds), Psychologists, (pp. 93-98). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Peterson C., Park N., Seligman M. E. P. (2006). Greater strengths of character and recovery from illness. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(1), 7-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760500372739
Peterson, C., Ruch, W., Bermann, U., Park, N., Seligman, M. E. (2007). Strengths of character orientation to happiness and life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2(3), 149-156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760701228938
Rafaeli, A. & Sutton, R. (1989). The Expression of Emotion in Organizational life. Research in Organizational Behavior, 11, 1-42.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explanations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069-1081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069
Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Authentic happiness. New York: Free Press.
Seligman, M. E. P., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive psychology progress: Empirical validation of interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410-421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.5.410
Shin, Y. (2014). Positive group affect and team creativity: Mediation of team reflexivity and promotion focus. Small Group Research, 45(3), 337-364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496414533618
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063
Wharton, A. S. & Erickson, R. J. (1993). Managing Emotions on the Job and at Home. Academy of Management Review, 18(3), 457-486. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1993.9309035147
Wright, T. A., & Wright, V. P. (2002). Organizational researcher values, ethical responsibility, and the committed to participant research perspective. Journal of Management Inquiry, 11(2), 173-185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10592602011002012
Wright, T. A., & Goodstein, J. (2007). Character Is Not “Dead” in Management Research: A Review of Individual Character and Organizational-Level Virtue. Journal of Management, 33(6), 928-958. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307307644