The effects of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on social loafing behaviors
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on social loafing behaviors and perception of the distributive justice. Sixty-four college students were applied in an ABC/ACB counter-balancing mixed factorial design(A: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on individual performance, B: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance, C: the low contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance), each participant attended 12 sessions in total. For this study, a brainstorming task was developed. The dependent variable was the sum of total idea frequency in the brainstorming task and the perception of the distributive justice. Analyses showed that each condition of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance had effectiveness in team idea frequency and perceived distributive justice. Result indicated that teamwork was better than individual work on performance. Also, the result suggested that social loafing behaviors or perception of the distributive justice could be effected depend upon the extent to which how the contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance.
Metrics
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
강정애, 김현아 (2005). 리더-구성원의 성별조합에 따른 LMX 효과성 연구. 아시아여성연구, 44, 197-224.
고수일, 고은정 (2004). 피드백 수용도의 결정요인. 인적자원개발연구, 6, 22-44.
김솔이, 유태용 (2010). 핵심자기평가와 지속학습활동 간의 관계: 목표지향성의 매개효과와 상사지원의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 23, 131-154.
김아영 (1994). 한국형 학구적 실패에 대한 내성 척도개발에 관한 연구. 교육학연구, 32, 59-75.
김정수, 유태용 (2009). 팀원의 변화저항과 지속학습활동 간 관계에서 팀 모니터링, 팀 지원행동, 변혁적 리더십의 영향. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 22, 345-371.
김진욱, 장성수, 이지연 (2006). 지각된 학급의 평가환경 및 개인의 능력관련 신념과 성취목표와의 관계: 매개효과와 조절효과를 중심으로. 한국교육심리학회, 20, 219-242.
서울경제 (2010년 11월 25일). “직장인 80% 꼴 보기 싫은 상사 있다, 사람인 직장인 1,120명 설문조사.” http://economy.hankooki.com/lpage/society/201011/e2010112509030893810.htm에서 2014년 10월 6일 자료 얻음.
송인섭 (1998). 인간의 자아개념 탐구. 서울: 학지사.
송인섭, 박성윤 (2000). 목표지향성, 자기조절학습, 학업성취와의 관계 연구. 교육심리연구, 14, 30-54.
오인수 (2002). 일반적 자기효능감: 개념, 측정관련 이슈와 인적자원관리 측면의 시사점. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 15, 44-72.
오인수, 서용원 (2001). 피그말리온 리더십 행동의 규명 및 측정. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 14, 43-71.
이수진 (2008). 상사특성과 부정적 피드백 수용. 성균관대학교 석사학위논문.
장성수 (1999). 성취목표의 동기적 결정요인과 인지적 결정요인. 교육논총, 15, 39-58.
정기옥 (2012). 치위생과 학생들의 성취목표지향성과 자기효능감이 전공적응 및 만족에 미치는 영향. 한국치위생학회지, 12, 167- 177.
정성훈, 유태용 (2008). 피드백 추구를 위한 모니터링과 묻기의 선행변인과 결과변인에 관한 연구. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 21, 285-312.
천경희, 송영명 (2012). 의과대학생의 성취목표지향성과 완벽주의가 학업적 자기효능감과 학업성취에 미치는 영향. 교육학연구, 50, 107-132.
한길화 (2011). 관리자의 내현 신념에 따른 코칭 행동이 직원의 인사 평가 공정성 지각에 미치는 영향. 중앙대학교 글로벌 인적자원개발 대학원 석사학위논문.
한상훈 (2002). 성인학습자의 목표지향성과 자아효능감의 관계. 교육학연구, 40, 152- 178.
Ames, C. (1992). Classroom: goal, structures, and students motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84, 261-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.84.3.261
Aryee, S., Budhwar, P. S., & Chen, Z. X. (2002). Trust as a mediator of the relationship between organizational justice and work outcomes: Test of a social exchange model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 267-285. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.138
Ashford, S. J. (1986). Feedback-seeking in individual adaptation: a resource perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 29, 465-487.
Ashford, S. J., & Cummings, L. L. (1983). Feedback as an individual resource: Personal strategies of creating information. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 32, 370-398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(83)90156-3
Bandura, A (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37, 122-147. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.37.2.122
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
Bandura, M., & Dweck, C. S. (1985) The relationship of conceptions of intelligence and achivement goals to achievement-related cognition, affect, and behavior. Unpublished manuscript. Harvard university.
Bandura, A., & Wood, R. (1989). Effect of perceived controllability and performance standards on self-regulation of complex decision-making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 805-814. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.56.5.805
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1981). The relationship of career-related self-efficacy expectations to perceived career options in college women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 326-399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.28.5.399
Blau, P. M. (1964) Power and exchange in social life. New York: J Wiley & Sons.
Brdar, I., Rijavec, M., & Loncaric, D. (2006). Goal orientations, coping with school failure and school achievement. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 21, 53-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03173569
Browne, M., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative way of assessing model fit. Sociological Methods & Research, 21, 230-258. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124192021002005
Chen, G., Gully, M. S., & Eden, D. (2001). Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale. Organizational Research Methods, 4, 62-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/109442810141004
Chen, Z., Lam, W., & Zhong, J. A. (2007). Leader-member exchange and member performance: a new look at individual-level negative feedback-seeking behavior and team-level empowerment climate. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 202-212. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.1.202
Cheung, G. W., & Lau, R. S. (2008). Testing mediation and suppression effects of latent variables: Bootstrapping with structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 11, 296-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428107300343
Chiaburu, D. S. (2005). The effects of instrumentality on the relationship between goal orientation and leader-member exchange. The Journal of Social Psychology, 145, 365-367. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.145.3.365-367
Clifford, M. M. (1984). Thoughts on a theory of constructive failure. Educational Psychologist, 19, 108-120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00461528409529286
Dvir, T., Eden, D., & Banjo, M. L. (1995). Self-fulfilling prophecy and gender: can women be pygmalion and galatea? Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 253-270. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.80.2.253
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 25, 109-116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.256
Earley, P. C., & Lituchy, T. R. (1991). Delineating goal and efficacy effects: A test of three models. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 81-98. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.76.1.81
Eden, D. (1992). Leadership and expectations: pygmalion effects and other self-fulfilling prophecies in management. The Leadership Quarterly, 3, 271-305. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(92)90018-B
Eden, D., & Ravid, G. (1982). Pygmalion versus self-expectancy: Effects of instructor-and self- expectancy on trainee performance. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 30, 351-364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(82)90225-2
Farr, J. L., Hofmann, D. A., & Ringenbach, K. L. (1993). Goal orientation and action control theory: Implications for industrial and organizational psychology. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 8, 193-232.
Field, W. F. (1951). The effects on thematic apperception of certain experimentally aroused needs. Unpublished Ph. D. thesis. University of Maryland.
Heslin, P. A., Latham, G. P., & VandeWalle, D. M. (2005). The effect of implicit person theory on performance appraisal. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 842-856. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.5.842
Heslin, P. A., Vandewalle, D., & Latham, G. P. (2006). Keen to help? Managers' implicit person theoties and their subsequent employee coaching. Personnel Psychology, 59, 871-902. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00057.x
Hong, Y., Chiu, C., Dweck, C. S., & Sacks. R. (1997). Implicit theories and evaluative processes in person cognition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 296-323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1996.1324
Hoyle, R. H. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and application. Sage Publications.
Ilgen, D. R., Fisher, C. D., & Taylor, M. S. (1979). Consequences of individual feedback on behavior in organizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 349-371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.64.4.349
Kavanagh, D. J., & Bower, G. H. (1985). Mood and self-efficacy: Impact of joy and sadness on perceived capabilities. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 9, 507-525. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01173005
Kim, A., & Clifford, M. M. (1988). Goal source, goal difficulty, and individual difference variables as predictors of response to failure. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 58, 28-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1988.tb00876.x
Latham, G. P., & Locke, E. A. (1991). Self-regulation through goal setting. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 212-247. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90021-K
Leggett, E. L. (1985). Children’s entity and incremental theories of intelligence: Relationships to achievement behavior. Paper presented at the Annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, Boston.
Manzoni, J. F., & Barsoux, J. L. (1997). The set-up-to-fail syndrome. Harvard Business Review, 76, 101-113.
Neff, D. K., Heish, P. Y., & Dejitterat, K. (2005). Self-compassion, achievement goals, and coping with academic failure. Self and Identity, 4, 263-287. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13576500444000317
Phillips, J. M., & Gully, S. M. (1997). Role of goal orientation, ability, need for achievement, and locus of control in the self-efficacy and goal-setting process. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 792-802. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.5.792
Porath, C. L., & Bateman, T. S. (2006). Self-regulation: from goal orientation to job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 185-192. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.1.185
Renn, W. (2003). Moderation by goal commitment of the feedback-performance relationship: theorical explanation and preliminary study. Human Resource Management Review, 13, 561- 580. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2003.11.003
Roberts, K. H., & O'Reilly, C. A. (1974). Failures in upward communication in organizations: Three possible culprits. Academy of Management Journal, 17, 205-215.
Rosenthal, R. (1994). Interpersonal expectancy effects: A 30-year perspective. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 176-179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10770698
Rosenthal, R., & Jacobson, L. (1968). Pygmalion in the classroom: Teacher expectation and pupils' intelligence development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winstion,
Sadri, G., & Robertson, I. T. (1993). Efficacy and work related behaviour: A review and meta analysis. Applied Psychology, 42, 139-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1993.tb00728.x
Schunk, D. H. (1994). Self-regulation of self-efficacy and attributions in academic settings. England: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Sutton, C. D., & Woodman, R. W. (1989). Pygmalion goes to work: The effect of supervisor expectation in retail setting. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 943-950. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.74.6.943
VandeWalle, D. (1997). Development and validation of a work domain goal orientation instrument. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 57, 995-1015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164497057006009
Walton, M. (1986). The Deming management method. Penguin.
Whiteley, P., Sy, T., & Johnson, S. K. (2012). Leaders' conceptions of followers: Implications for naturally occurring Pygmalion effects. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), 822-834. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.03.006
Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14, 361-384. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4279067