Exploring Creativity Paradox with Perception of Creative Characteristics

Main Article Content

Hui Young Suh
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7687-4327
Jae Yoon Chang
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1803-5896

Abstract

This study aims to shed light on Creativity Paradox which is a phenomenon that creative people are not appreciated where creativity is emphasized, and to explore individual differences that affect the phenomenon. As per the previous research (Kettler et al., 2018) that even teachers who say they value creativity as educational goals actually find creative characteristics undesirable through the replication from school (Study 1) and expansion to organization (Study 2). In Study 1, 172 schoolteachers in Korea completed 2 waves of survey for the importance of educational goals including creativity and personal creativity with the desirability on characteristics for both creative indicative and contraindicative. In study 2, 331 fulltime employees completed 2 waves of survey including creative mindsets. Result indicated that both teachers and employees in this study rated characteristics associated with creativity as less desirable than those characteristics that are considered contraindicative, which confirms the Creativity Paradox. No effects were found based on the individual differences, but the level of personal creativity related to how desirable they rate others’ characteristics associated with creativity. As a result of hierarchical regression analysis, the moderating effect of creative growth mindset was partially presented in the relationship between the personal creativity and the members’ perception of creative characteristics, while no effect of fixed-creative mindset was presented. This study was intended to highlight the need of examining the implicit theory of, attitude toward, and changes of norms and climate related to creativity in the organizational context The implications, limits and future research suggestions were discussed.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Article Details

How to Cite
Suh 희., & Chang 재. (2023). Exploring Creativity Paradox with Perception of Creative Characteristics. Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 36(4), 403–437. Retrieved from https://journal.ksiop.or.kr/index.php/KJIOP/article/view/579
Section
Empirical Articles

References

대한상공회의소 (2018). 100대 기업이 원하는 인재상 보고서. 서울: 대한상공회의소

http://www.korcham.net/nCham/Service/Economy/appl/KcciReportDetail.asp?SEQ_NO_C010=20120931990&CHAM_CD=B001

서은영, 탁진국 (2019). 성장지향성과 직무 개선이 창의적 행동에 미치는 영향: 개인이 지각한 발전문화의 조절된 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 32(4), 389-417. https://doi.org/ 10.24230/kjiop.v32i4.389-417

이순묵, 최인수, 여성칠 (2008). 산업조직에서의 창의성에 대한 개념적 및 경험적 접근. 한국심리학회지: 산업 및 조직, 21(1), 151-178. https://doi.org/10.24230/ksiop.21.1.200802.151

장재윤, 김소정, 서희영 (2023). 한국 성인들의 창의성 신화에 대한 믿음 및 관련 변인 탐색. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 42(2), 87-118, https://doi.org/10.22257/kjp.2023.6.42.2.87

Amabile, T. M. (1997). Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California Management Review, 40(1), 39-58. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165921

Anderson, N., Potočnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297-1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314527128

Bartram D. (2005). The great eight competencies: A criterion-centric approach to validation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1185–1203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6.1185

Benedek, M., Karstendiek, M., Ceh, S., Grabner, R., Krammer, G., Lebuda, I., Silvia, P., Cotter, K., Li, Y., Martskvishvili, K., & Kaufman, J. (2021). Creativity myths: Prevalence and correlates of misconceptions on creativity. Personality and Individual Differences, 182, Article 111068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111068

Bonetto, E., Pichot, N., Pavani, J-B., & Adam-Troïan, J. (2021). The paradox of creativity. New Ideas in Psychology, 60, 100820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2020.100820

Byrne, D. (1971). The Attraction Paradigm. New York: Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7894(72)80121-7

Campion, M. A., Fink, A. A., Ruggeberg, B. J., Carr, L., Phillips, G. M., & Odman, R. B. (2011). Doing competencies well: Best practices in competency modeling. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 225-262. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01207.x

Dacey, J. S., & Lennon, K. H. (1998). Understanding creativity: The interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:142362834

Diliello, T. C., Houghton, J. D., & Dawley, D. (2011). Narrowing the creativity gap: The moderating effects of perceived support for creativity. Journal of Psychology, 145(3), 151-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2010.548412

Deloitte Global Human Capital Trends Report. (2020). The social enterprise at work: Paradox as a path forward. https://www2.deloitte.com/cn/en/pages/human-capital/articles/global-human-capital-trends-2020.html

Domino, G. (1970). Identification of potentially creative persons from the adjective check list. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 35(1), 48–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0029624

Dweck, C., & Leggett, E. L. (1988). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality. Psychological Review, 95(2), 256-273 https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256

Eidelman, S., & Crandall, C. S. (2012). Bias in favor of the status quo. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 6(3), 270–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2012.00427.x

Epitropaki, O., Mueller, J. S., & Lord, R. G. (2018). Unpacking the socio-cognitive foundations of creative leadership: bridging implicit leadership and implicit creativity theories. In Creative Leadership (pp. 39-56). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203712214-3

Feist, G. J. (1998). A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and artistic creativity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2(4), 290–309. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0204_5

George, J. M. (2007). Creativity in organizations. Academy of Management Annals, 1(1), 439–477 https://doi.org/10.5465/078559814

George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2001). When openness to experience and conscientiousness are related to creative behavior: an interactional approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 513-524. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.513

Gilson, L. L. & Madjar, N.(2011), “Radical and Incremental Creativity: Antecedents and processes”, Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 21–28 https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017863

Grant, A. M., & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(1), 73-96. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.59215085

Harrison, S. H., Rouse, E. D., Fisher, C. M., & Amabile, T. M. (2022). The turn toward creative work. Academy of Management Collections, 1(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.5465/amc.2021.0003

Hunter, S. T., Bedell, K. E., & Mumford, M. D. (2007). Climate for creativity: A quantitative review. Creativity Research Journal, 19(1), 69-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400410709336883

Karwowski, M. (2014). Creative mindsets: Measurement, correlates, consequences. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 8(1), 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034898

Karwowski, M., Royston, R.P., & Reiter-Palmon, R. (2019). Exploring creative mindsets: Variable and person-centered approaches. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 13(1), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000170

Kaufman, J. C. (2016). Creativity 101. Springer publishing company. https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826129536

Kaufman, J. C., Bromley, M. L., & Cole, J. C. (2006). Insane, poetic, lovable: Creativity and endorsement of the “Mad Genius” stereotype. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 26(1), 149-161. https://doi.org/10.2190/j207-3u30-r401-446j

Kettler, T., Lamb, K. N., Willerson, A., & Mullet, D. R. (2018). Teachers’ perceptions of creativity in the classroom. Creativity Research Journal, 30(2), 164-171. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1446503

Lee, Y. S., Chang, J. Y., & Choi, J. N. (2017). Why reject creative ideas? Fear as a driver of implicit bias against creativity. Creativity Research Journal, 29(3), 225-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2017.1360061

Licuanan, B. F., Dailey, L. R., & Mumford, M. D. (2007). Idea evaluation: Error in evaluating highly original ideas. Journal of Creative Behavior, 41(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2007.tb01279.x

MacKinnon, D. W.(1963). Creativity and images of the self. In R. W. White (Ed.), The study of lives (pp. 251-278). New York: Atherton.

Madjar, N., Oldham, G. R., & Pratt, M. G. (2002). There's no place like home? The contributions of work and nonwork creativity support to employees' creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45(4), 757-767. https://doi.org/10.2307/3069309

Miron-Spektor, E., & Erez, M. (2017). Looking at creativity through a paradox lens: Deeper understanding and new insights. In M. Lewis, W. Smith, W.K., P. Jarzabkowski, & A., Langley (Eds.), Handbook of organizational paradox: Approaches to plurality, tensions and contradictions (pp. 434-451). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198754428.013.22

Mueller, J. S., Goncalo, J. A., & Kamdar, D. (2011). Recognizing creative leadership: Can creative idea expression negatively relate to perceptions of leadership potential? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(2), 494-498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2010.11.010

Mueller, J. S., Melwani, S., & Goncalo, J. A. (2012). The bias against creativity: Why people desire but reject creative ideas. Psychological Science, 23(1), 13-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611421018

Mueller, J. S., Wakslak, C. J., & Krishnan, V. (2014). Construing creativity: The how and why of recognizing creative ideas. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 51, 81-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2013.11.007

Mueller, J., Melwani, S., Loewenstein, J., & Deal, J. J. (2018). Reframing the decision-makers’ dilemma: Towards a social context model of creative idea recognition. Academy of Management Journal, 61(1), 94-110. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0887

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. 2012. Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63(1), 539-569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452

Pretz, J. E., & Nelson, D. (2017). Creativity is influenced by domain, creative self-efficacy, mindset, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. In M. Karwowski & J. C. Kaufman (Eds.), The creative self: Effects of self-efficacy, mindset and identity (pp. 155–170). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809790-8.00009-1

Proctor, R., & Burnett, P. C. (2004). Measuring cognitive and dispositional characteristics of creativity in elementary students. Creativity Research Journal, 16(4), 421–429. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400410409534553

Runco, M. A. (2004). Everyone has creative potential. In R. J. Sternberg, E. L. Grigorenko, & J. L. Singer (Eds.), Creativity: From potential to realization. (pp. 21–30). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10692-002

Runco, M. A. (2010). Education based on a parsimonious theory of creativity. In R. A. Beghetto, & J. C. Kaufman (Eds.), Nurturing creativity in the classroom (pp. 235–251). New York, NY: Cambridge Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511781629.012

Sawyer, R. K. (2012). Explaining creativity: The science of human innovation. New York, NY: Oxford University Press

Shalley, C. E., Zhou, J., & Oldham, G. R. (2004). The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here?. Journal of Management, 30(6), 933-958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jm.2004.06.007

Staw, B. M. (1995). Why no one really wants creativity. In C. M. Ford & D. A. Gioia (Eds.), Creative action in organizations: Ivory tower visions and real world voices (pp. 161–166). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452243535.n21

Steiger, J. H. (1980). Tests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 87(2), 245-251. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245

Sternberg, R. J. (2005). “We want creativity! No we don’t!” In F. J. Yammarino & F. Dansereau (Eds.), Research in Multi-Level Issues: Volume IV (pp. 93–104). Oxford, England: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1475-9144(05)04003-8

Sternberg, R. J., & Grigorenko, E. (1997). Are cognitive styles still in style? American Psychologist, 52(7), 700–712. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.52.7.700

Sternberg, R.J., & Lubart, T.I. (1996). Investing in creativity. American Psychologist, 51(7), 677–688. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.51.7.677

Torrance, E. P. (1995). Why fly? A philosophy of creativity. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.

Westby, E. L., & Dawson, V. L. (1995). Creativity: Asset or burden in the classroom? Creativity Research Journal, 8(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326934crj0801_1

World Economic Forum. (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020. Geneva: World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2020/

Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2021). The multiple ways of behaving creatively in the workplace: a typology and model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 42(1), 20-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2488

Zhou, J., & Hoever, I. J. (2014). Workplace creativity: A review and redirection. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 333–359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091226.