The influence of leader’s communication style on the followers’ organizational commitment The mediation effect of trust
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between leader’s communication style and the members’ organizational commitment focusing on the mediating and moderating factors. Specifically, we considered trust as the mediator of the relationship between communication style and organizational commitment. Also, the perception of leader’s ability was considered as the moderator of the relationship between communication style and trust of the leader. Survey results on the 350 officers in the Korean Army show that the leader’s communication style was significantly influencing on the organizational commitment of the men under his(her) command. Specifically, sociable communication style had positive effects on the level of organizational commitment, whereas dominant style influenced negatively. Also, the relationship between leader’s communication style and organizational commitment has been partially mediated by trust of the leader. Finally, the perception of leader’s ability has moderated the relationship between leader’s communication style and trust of the leader, such that the negative effect of dominant communication style on the trust level has been strengthened when their leader's ability is low than high. Comparably, the positive effect of sociable communication style on the trust level has been strengthened when the perception of leader’s ability is high than low. The implications and limitations of those empirical results was discussed.
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Lee, C., Moon, H., & Kim, K. (2011). The influence of leader’s communication style on the followers’ organizational commitment: The mediation effect of trust. Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 24(4), 739–758. https://doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v24i4.739-758
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Empirical Articles
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References
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문형구 (2005). 상사에 대한 신뢰에 영향을 미치는 상사의 행동에 관한 탐색적 연구. 아세아연구, 48, 137-167.
박상현 (2005). 커뮤니케이션 유형이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 공군 제 0000부대 조종, 정비, 무장사를 대상으로. 연세대 정경대학원, 석사학위논문.
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방원석 (2001). 카리스마적 리더쉽이 부하의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 공군교육부대를 대상으로. 서강대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
신종하 (2004). 상사신뢰의 선행요인과 결과요인에 관한 연구: 전국 전문대학 보직처장을 중심으로. 제주대 경영대학원, 석사학위논문.
유옥덕 (2008). 상급자와 부하와의 교환관계(LMX)가 조직몰입 및 조직시민 행동에 미치는 영향: 군 조직을 중심으로. 위덕대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
윤석진 (2005). 조직구성원의 커뮤니케이션 관련요인이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향: 공군조직을 대상으로. 연세대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
이명석 (2006). 상관에 대한 신뢰가 조직몰입에 미치는 영향: 공군교육사령부 조직구성원을 중심으로. 경희대 경영대학원, 석사학위논문.
임규완 (2002). 인사관리의 공정성과 조직몰입에 관한 연구: 육군 초급간부를 대상으로. 연세대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
임성만 (2004). 조직 신뢰와 구성원 신뢰의 기반 요인 및 관계성, 서울대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
최해진 (2007). “이순신 장군의 전략적 리더십”. 인적자원관리연구, 14, 209-221.
홍성관 (2008). 리더십 유형이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 육군 연대 및 대대를 중심으로. 전북대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
Albrecht S. L. & Travaglione, T. (2003). Trust in Public Sector Senior Management. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14, 1-17.
Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 1-18.
Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). “Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions,” Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
Blake, R. R., & Mouton, J. S. (1984). Synergogy: a new strategy for education, training and development. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
Blau, P. M. (1964). “Exchange and Power in Social Life” New York: Wiley.
Butler, J. K. (1991). “Towards Understanding and Measuring Condition of Trust: Evolution of a Conditions of Trust Inventory,” Journal of Management, 17, 643-663.
Connell, J., Ferres, N., & Travaglione, T. (2003). Trust in the workplace: The importance of interpersonal and organizational support. Journal of Management Research, 3, 113-118.
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31, 874-900.
Dansereau, F., Graen, G. B., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13, 46-78.
DeCotiis, T. A., & Summers, T. P. (1987). A path analysis model of the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment. Human Relations, 40, 445-470.
Dirks, K. T. & Ferrin, D. L. (2001). The role of trust in organizational settings. Organization Science, 12, 450-467.
Giffin, Kim. (1967). The Contribution of Studies of Source Credibility to a Theory of Interpersonal Trust in the Communication Process. Psychological Bulletin, 68, 104-120.
Gouldner, Alvin W. (1960). “The Norm of Reciprocity: A PreliminaryStatement.” American Sociological Review, 25. 161-178.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1989). Leading the cooperative school. Edina, MN: Interaction.
Ko, J., Price, J. L. & Mueller, C. W. (1997). Assessment of Meyer and Allen s three-component model of organizational commitment in South Korea. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 961-973.
Lewicki, R. J., & Bunker, B. B. (1996). Developing and maintaining trust in work relationships. Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, 114-139. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Mayer, R. C., & Davis, J. H. (1999). The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 123–136.
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., and Steers, R. M. (1982). “Employee-organizational linkagas: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism and turnover,” New York: Academic Press.Nyhan.
O'Reilly, C., & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 492-499.
Penley, L. E. & Hawkins, B. (1985). Studying Interpersonal Communication in Organizations: A leadership Application. The Academy of Management Journal 28, 309-326.
Poon, M. L., Rahid, M. R., & Othman, A. S. (2006). Trust-in-supervisor: Antecedents and effect on affective commitment. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 11, 57–72.
Podsakoff P. M., MacKenzie. S. B., Moorman. R., & Fetter, R. (1990). ‘Transformational Leader Behaviors and their Effects on Followers’ Trust in Leader Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors’. The Leadership Quarterly, 1, 107-142.
Reece, B. L. & Brandt, R. (2002). Work force diversity a new definition in effective human relations: Personal and organizational applications (8th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 46-56.
Wagner, S. L. & Rush, M. C. (2000). Altruistic organizational citizenship behavior: context, disposition, and age. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140, 379-391.
Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23, 513-530.
Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organization. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Zand, D. E. (1997). The leadership triad: Knowledge, trust, and power. New York: NY: Oxford University Press.
김영춘 (2009). 군 고급제대 지휘관의 전략적 리더십이 조직몰입과 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향: 임파워먼트의 매개효과와 개인특성의 조절효과. 동양대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
문형구 (2005). 상사에 대한 신뢰에 영향을 미치는 상사의 행동에 관한 탐색적 연구. 아세아연구, 48, 137-167.
박상현 (2005). 커뮤니케이션 유형이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 공군 제 0000부대 조종, 정비, 무장사를 대상으로. 연세대 정경대학원, 석사학위논문.
박철민, 김대원 (2003). “조직공정성이 상관신뢰와 공직몰입에 미치는 영향”. 한국행정학보, 37, 125-145.
방원석 (2001). 카리스마적 리더쉽이 부하의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 공군교육부대를 대상으로. 서강대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
신종하 (2004). 상사신뢰의 선행요인과 결과요인에 관한 연구: 전국 전문대학 보직처장을 중심으로. 제주대 경영대학원, 석사학위논문.
유옥덕 (2008). 상급자와 부하와의 교환관계(LMX)가 조직몰입 및 조직시민 행동에 미치는 영향: 군 조직을 중심으로. 위덕대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
윤석진 (2005). 조직구성원의 커뮤니케이션 관련요인이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향: 공군조직을 대상으로. 연세대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
이명석 (2006). 상관에 대한 신뢰가 조직몰입에 미치는 영향: 공군교육사령부 조직구성원을 중심으로. 경희대 경영대학원, 석사학위논문.
임규완 (2002). 인사관리의 공정성과 조직몰입에 관한 연구: 육군 초급간부를 대상으로. 연세대 대학원, 석사학위논문.
임성만 (2004). 조직 신뢰와 구성원 신뢰의 기반 요인 및 관계성, 서울대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
최해진 (2007). “이순신 장군의 전략적 리더십”. 인적자원관리연구, 14, 209-221.
홍성관 (2008). 리더십 유형이 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 육군 연대 및 대대를 중심으로. 전북대 대학원, 박사학위논문.
Albrecht S. L. & Travaglione, T. (2003). Trust in Public Sector Senior Management. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14, 1-17.
Allen, N. J. & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63, 1-18.
Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). “Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions,” Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
Blake, R. R., & Mouton, J. S. (1984). Synergogy: a new strategy for education, training and development. San Francisco Jossey-Bass.
Blau, P. M. (1964). “Exchange and Power in Social Life” New York: Wiley.
Butler, J. K. (1991). “Towards Understanding and Measuring Condition of Trust: Evolution of a Conditions of Trust Inventory,” Journal of Management, 17, 643-663.
Connell, J., Ferres, N., & Travaglione, T. (2003). Trust in the workplace: The importance of interpersonal and organizational support. Journal of Management Research, 3, 113-118.
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31, 874-900.
Dansereau, F., Graen, G. B., & Haga, W. J. (1975). A vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13, 46-78.
DeCotiis, T. A., & Summers, T. P. (1987). A path analysis model of the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment. Human Relations, 40, 445-470.
Dirks, K. T. & Ferrin, D. L. (2001). The role of trust in organizational settings. Organization Science, 12, 450-467.
Giffin, Kim. (1967). The Contribution of Studies of Source Credibility to a Theory of Interpersonal Trust in the Communication Process. Psychological Bulletin, 68, 104-120.
Gouldner, Alvin W. (1960). “The Norm of Reciprocity: A PreliminaryStatement.” American Sociological Review, 25. 161-178.
Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, R. T. (1989). Leading the cooperative school. Edina, MN: Interaction.
Ko, J., Price, J. L. & Mueller, C. W. (1997). Assessment of Meyer and Allen s three-component model of organizational commitment in South Korea. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 961-973.
Lewicki, R. J., & Bunker, B. B. (1996). Developing and maintaining trust in work relationships. Trust in Organizations: Frontiers of Theory and Research, 114-139. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Mayer, R. C., & Davis, J. H. (1999). The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 123–136.
Mowday, R. T., Porter, L. W., and Steers, R. M. (1982). “Employee-organizational linkagas: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism and turnover,” New York: Academic Press.Nyhan.
O'Reilly, C., & Chatman, J. (1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment: The effects of compliance, identification, and internalization on prosocial behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 492-499.
Penley, L. E. & Hawkins, B. (1985). Studying Interpersonal Communication in Organizations: A leadership Application. The Academy of Management Journal 28, 309-326.
Poon, M. L., Rahid, M. R., & Othman, A. S. (2006). Trust-in-supervisor: Antecedents and effect on affective commitment. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 11, 57–72.
Podsakoff P. M., MacKenzie. S. B., Moorman. R., & Fetter, R. (1990). ‘Transformational Leader Behaviors and their Effects on Followers’ Trust in Leader Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors’. The Leadership Quarterly, 1, 107-142.
Reece, B. L. & Brandt, R. (2002). Work force diversity a new definition in effective human relations: Personal and organizational applications (8th ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 22, 46-56.
Wagner, S. L. & Rush, M. C. (2000). Altruistic organizational citizenship behavior: context, disposition, and age. The Journal of Social Psychology, 140, 379-391.
Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23, 513-530.
Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organization. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Zand, D. E. (1997). The leadership triad: Knowledge, trust, and power. New York: NY: Oxford University Press.